[31] Another common variety is "Udang merah", or red shrimp, found in the states of Pahang and Johor. The durian growing areas in West Malaysia can be divided into 3 regions influenced by the monsoons and the change from wet to dry weather and the effect of a dry spell. Different cultivars may be distinguished to some extent by variations in the fruit shape, such as the shape of the spines. Papua New Guinea (PNG) adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Small Island Developing States Accelerated Modalities of Action (SAMOA Pathway) to achieve the country’s Vision 2050. Plan International has been working in Papua New Guinea since 2015 to tackle the root causes of discrimination, exclusion and vulnerability, and support some of the world’s most vulnerable children to thrive. [11][12] Durio s.s. and Boschia have indistinguishable vegetative characteristics and many shared floral characteristics. There are 30 recognised Durio species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit, with over 300 named varieties in Thailand and 100 in Malaysia, as of 1987. [10] Its shape ranges from oblong to round, the colour of its husk green to brown, and its flesh pale-yellow to red, depending on the species. [50] Sugar content, primarily sucrose, has a range of 8-20% among different durian varieties. Several medical investigations on the validity of this belief have been conducted with varying conclusions,[10] though a study by the University of Tsukuba finds the fruit's high sulphur content inhibits the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase, causing a 70 percent reduction of the ability to clear toxins from the body. Malaysia negotiated a deal with China to export the whole fruit frozen for the first time to China starting in 2019, previously only Thailand was permitted to export the whole fruit to China. Pulut Durian or ketan durian is glutinous rice steamed with coconut milk and served with ripened durian. The National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) in Keravat has officially recommended 8 clones as superior planting material and they are: Durian is planted for local consumption only and is considered to be a minor crop. [20], Durian flowers are large and feathery with copious nectar, and give off a heavy, sour, and buttery odour. Some species grow so tall that they can only be collected once they have fallen to the ground, whereas most cultivars of D. zibethinus are nearly always cut from the tree and allowed to ripen while waiting to be sold. [10] The leaves are evergreen, elliptic to oblong and 10–18 centimetres (4–7 inches) long. [47], b. Although the durian is not native to Thailand, Thailand is ranked the world's number one exporter of durian, producing around 700,000 tonnes of durian per year, 400,000 tonnes of which are exported to mainland China and Hong Kong. [71], The durian is commonly known as the "king of fruits",[5] a label that can be attributed to its formidable look and overpowering odour. Malaysians make both sugared and salted preserves from durian. The Kadayawan Festival is an annual celebration featuring the durian in Davao City. Durian was introduced into Australia in the early 1960s and clonal material was first introduced in 1975. They used to be grown with mixed results from seeds of trees bearing superior quality fruit, but now are propagated by layering, marcotting, or more commonly, by grafting, including bud, veneer, wedge, whip or U-grafting onto seedlings of randomly selected rootstocks. Durian Papua is on Facebook. [3] Among the varieties of D. zibethinus, Thai varieties are sweeter in flavour and less odorous than Malay ones. Animals such as Sumatran elephants and tigers are known to consume durians. In fact, to eat Durians is a new sensation worth a voyage to the East to experience. His theory was that endozoochory (the enticement of animals to transport seeds in their stomach) arose before any other method of seed dispersal, and that primitive ancestors of Durio species were the earliest practitioners of that dispersal method, in particular red durian (D. dulcis) exemplifying the primitive fruit of flowering plants. Kan Yao is somewhat less common, but prized for its longer window of time when it is both sweet and odourless at the same time. [88], For a complete list of known species of Durio, see, "Hail the king of fruit - 10 types of durians from Malaysia", "A review on the nutritional, medicinal, molecular and genome attributes of durian (, "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website – Malvales", "Phylogeny of the core Malvales: evidence from ndhF sequence data", "Support for an expanded family concept of Malvaceae within a recircumscribed order Malvales: a combined analysis of plastid atpB and rbcL DNA sequences", "The draft genome of tropical fruit durian (Durio zibethinus)", "Durian Exporting Strategy, National Durian Database (กลยุทธการส่งออกทุเรียน)", "Comprehensive List of Durian Clones Registered by the Agriculture Department (of Malaysia)", "Fans Sour on Sweeter Version of Asia's Smelliest Fruit", "Panduan Lengkap Durian untuk Pencinta Raja Buah", "10 variations of durians - the King of Fruits - Metro News | The Star Online", "Variability analysis of Sukun durian plant (Durio zibethinus) based on RAPD marker", "Durian: the foul-smelling fruit that could make Malaysia millions", "Durians Smell Awful – But the Taste Is Heavenly", "Bioactive compounds, nutritional value, and potential health benefits of indigenous durian (, "Smelly durian fruit sends six to hospital and forces evacuation", "Sumatran tiger inspects durian fruit on forest floor", "Durians and booze: worse than a stinking hangover", "Jakarta: A city we learn to love but never to like", "Baby boy killed by falling durian in Jawi", "China's hunger for durian threatens Malaysian forests: Environmentalists", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Durian&oldid=994674972, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 16 December 2020, at 23:12.
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