Iraq was producing oil before WW2 and there were pipelines across Syria to the Mediterranean coast with a refinery at Haifa IIRC. The report identified final investigations of the German plants and interrogations of German scientists by the British Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee, the US Field Information Agency (Technical), and the Combined Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee. So far I've only found the US at 4 million barrels per day according to this graph. The damage caused by the 12 and 28 May[18] trial bombings of oil targets, as well as the confirmation of the oil facilities' importance and vulnerability from Ultra intercepts and other intelligence reports, would result in the oil targets becoming the highest priority on 3 September 1944. It formed part of the immense Allied strategic bombing effort during the war. "[5]:311[23], Joint Chiefs of Staff Directive 1067 prohibited German post-war production of oil through July 1947, and the United States Army made post-war provisions to rehabilitate and use petroleum installations where needed, as well as to dispose of unneeded captured equipment. Who were the highest-ranking officers of each belligerent nation, who parachuted with troops in Operation Market Garden? And most of those imports came from America. Thanks to user:pugsville for pointing out the League of Nations reports. The USAAF could put 26% of their bombing within the factories in good bombing conditions, 12% when using a mix of visual and instruments but only 5% when it had to use instrument-only bombing techniques; and 80% of their tonnage was delivered under partly or fully instrument conditions. [9]:56 The focus of British bombing during 1940 changed repeatedly in response to directives from the Air Ministry. [18] Of itself, German industry was not significantly affected by attacks on oil targets as coal was its primary source of energy. History Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for historians and history buffs. In 1938, of the total consumption of 44 million barrels, imports from overseas accounted for 28 million barrels or roughly 60 percent of the total supply. In particular, the role of I. G. Farben, the chemical giant, and the objectives of Hitler’s Blitzkrieg and grand strategies and why they failed were outlined. The reason is to understand geopolitics of the time, especially the oil security (or lack thereof) of each nation participating in WW2. Circa 1940, what was the oil production of each nation? This is a list of countries by oil production, as compiled from the U.S. Energy Information … If they could get the oil to Japan, they could refine it into fuel. in addition to Andrew’s excellent answer, i have a couple more points to add: 1. In Asia, the East Indies (modern Indonesia) was the big prize. [9]:246–247, In late summer 1944 the Allies began using reconnaissance photo information to time bombing with the resumption of production at a facility. The nation has a … At the start of the war, the Soviet Union suffered loss of valuable lands with economic and agricultural potential, great industrial losses and human casualties. While Russia has fallen in the ranks, it remains one of the world's top oil producers, with an … league of nations yearbook would have a reasonable summary. Military production during World War II was a critical component to military performance during World War II. Basically, Germany did have the advantage of having stockpiled U.S. oil before the war. ShellCheck warning regarding quoting ("A"B"C"). Harris agreed to divert spare effort to oil targets. What was the strategic importance of Moscow to the Soviet Union in Dec 1941? At the start of June, oil targets were made a priority of night bombing with attacks on other war industry to be made on dark nights (when the oil targets could not be located) but with the proviso that "indiscriminate action" should be avoided. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. [30]:159, Several prominent Germans, however, described the oil campaign as critical to the defeat of Nazi Germany. Working from German records for certain sites, the USSBS determined that on average 87% of Allied bombs fell outside the factory perimeter and that only a few percent struck plant or equipment inside the boundary. What exactly is BR Mitchell? [20] The benzol (oil) plant at Linz in Austria was bombed on 16 October 1944.[21]. [19], In June 1944, in response to Air Ministry query on resources, Bomber Command staff estimated it would take 32,000 tons of bombs to destroy 10 oil targets in the Ruhr. So while geology, geography and politics play a part, capitalism also plays a large part with oil companies from Britain, the US, Netherlands and France all wanting a slice of the action and everyone prepared to do deals to make money from oil. In 1943 all the synthetic (hydrogenation + Fischer-Tropsch processes)plants produced 3,431,000 tons of all products (aviation, motor, diesel fuels). Figure 1.--Before World War II, Germany was importing most of its oil From the United States or from countries with oil industries dominted by the Seven Sisters (five Americn and two European-owned gint oil compnies). The Allied oil campaign of World War II[6]:11 pitted the RAF and the USAAF against facilities supplying Nazi Germany with petroleum, oil, and lubrication (POL) products. Was Italian production after August 1944 significant in the German war effort? Adolf Galland, Inspector of Fighters of the Luftwaffe until relieved of command in January 1945, wrote in his book "the most important of the combined factors which brought about the collapse of Germany",[31] and the Luftwaffe's wartime leader, Hermann Göring, described it as "the utmost in deadliness". The strategic importance of oil resources in World War II also showed in campaigns such as: The British had identified the importance of Germany's fuel supplies before the war in their "Western Air Plan 5(c)". It only takes a minute to sign up. Number of attacks by the RAF and USAAF against oil targets: The efficiency of the bombing was lacking. World War II: Japan and Oil (1939-45) Figure 1.--Japan was almost completely dependent on imported oil for its economy and military. The Soviet Union took part in World War II from 1941 until the war's end in 1945. Germany got most of her oil from Romania, and could certainly have used Soviet or Iranian oil. 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